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Johann Zoffany
Johann Zoffany (1733, Frankfurt - November 11, 1810, Strand-on-the-Green)
was a German-born portrait painter who in late 18th-century England
made his reputation with paintings depicting episodes from contemporary
theatre and with portraits and conversation pieces (i.e., paintings
of groups of people in their customary surroundings).
Born Johannes Josephus Zauffaly in Germany, he apprenticed there
under a pupil of Francesco Solimena, then studied in Italy, developing
a decorative Rococo style that incorporated minute, realistic detail
then went to England about 1758. Following the lead of William Hogarth,
he painted scenes from London's theatrical productions. Notable
in this genre are his paintings of the famed actor David Garrick
in his many West End successes - e.g., The Farmer's Return (1762).
His portraits were popular with George III, who became his patron
and for whom he produced Queen Charlotte with Her Sons, the Prince
of Wales and the Duke of York.
In 1772 Zoffany went to Italy with the king's financial help and
there, during a seven-year stay, executed The Tribuna of the Uffizi
(1780) for the royal family. This celebrated work shows a group
of connoisseurs admiring paintings and sculptures in the Uffizi
Gallery in Florence. He worked as a portraitist in India from 1783
to 1789, and when he returned to England he painted such notable
portraits as Charles Towneley Among His Marbles (1790). Zoffany
was a founder-member of the Royal Academy (1768). He possessed brilliant
technical skills and introduced greater liveliness and personal
anecdote into English conversation pieces.
The paintings are the excellent portrayal of the events and scenes
that we see around us. The painters are the best cameras of the
world. They reproduce many different types of pictures. They even
draw imaginary pictures that do not exist in this world. We tend
to use both thinned oil paints and dense oil paints. Masterpieces
can be dyed more than once, but each time it may be different from
the existing paintings.h
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