Tommaso Masaccio

Masaccio (born Tommaso Cassai or in some Tommaso di Ser Giovanni di Mone) (December 21, 1401-1428), was a renowned painter of frescoes during the Italian Renaissance. Masaccio meaning sloppy was a nickname given by Giorgio Vasari on account of the artist's dedication to his painting being so great he gave little attention to his personal hygiene.

Despite his brief career, he had a profound influence on other artists. He was one of the first to use scientific perspective in his painting. He also moved away from the Gothic style of the time to a more naturalistic mode where he paid more attention to perspective and realism than to elaborate ornamentation.

Little is known about his early life until he joined the Painters' Guild in Florence in 1422. The first attributed works the Cascia Altarpiece and a Virgin and Child with St Anne both in the Uffizi date from that year. Both works were collaborations with an older artist Masolino and for many years it was assumed Masaccio was an apprentice to Masolino - however Masaccio gained entry to the Painters' Guild before Masolino making it more likely their collaboration was for convenience. In Florence Masaccio studied the work of Giotto and was friends with Alberti, Brunelleschi and Donatello. At their prompting in 1423 Masaccio travelled to Rome and his work from that point is freed of all gothic and byzantine influence as represented by the central panel of his altarpiece for the Carmelite Church in Pisa, c. 1423, the cental panel of which (The Madonna and Child) is now in the National Gallery, London. As well as a sculptural and human Madonna the work features a convincing perspectival depiction of her throne.

In 1424 Masolino was commissioned to execute a cycle of frescoes for the Brancacci Chapel in Florence but pressed to complete the work asked for Masaccio's help. For two years Masaccio worked on the Chapel alone and the cycle includes his most famous work and shows his reference to Giotto especially. The Expulsion from the Garden of Eden, depicting a distressed Adam and Eve, nude, without fig leaves had a huge influence on Michelangelo. Another major work is the Tribute Money in which Jesus and the Apostles are depicted as neo-classical archetypes.

In 1427 Masolino returned and Masaccio quit the Brancacci Chapel. He won a prestigious commission to produce a Holy Trinity for the Santa Maria Novella church in Florence. The fresco marks the first use of systematic linear perspective, possible devised by Masaccio with the assistance of Brunelleschi.

The paintings are the excellent portrayal of the events and scenes that we see around us. The painters are the best cameras of the world. They reproduce many different types of pictures. They even draw imaginary pictures that do not exist in this world. We tend to use both thinned oil paints and dense oil paints. Masterpieces can be dyed more than once, but each time it may be different from the existing paintings.h

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